Favelas - Architecture of Survival
Pedro Lobo
Il ya longtemps que j’ utilise la photographie d’ architecture pour gérer un discours au sujet des personnes qui vivent et occupent ces espaces construits. L’exclusion est la force créative de l’univers parallèle des favelas: pouvoir parallèle, économie parallèle, société parallèle, vies parallèles. La ville y expose ses blessures ouvertes, permanentes, parallèles - souvent fruit, dans le tiers monde, d’ anciens rêves de “civilisation” de ceux qui, en son nom, en ont exclu des parcelles significatives de la population. Je photographie les favelas de la ville de Rio de Janeiro pour montrer la lutte de ces personnes qui n’ont pas d’autre choix que celui de vivre dans ces communautés exclues, pour leur dignité personnelle, par delà toutes les difficultés. Je photographie ces constructions de la même manière que j’aurais pris en photo des monuments historiques ou des résidences privilégiées. Je construis ces images avec une structure géométrique soigneusement étudiée, à la recherche d’un résultat formel contemporain qui inclue des références a l’histoire de l’ art et, spécialement à l’histoire de la photographie. “Celui ne sait pas, n’entre pas” Les favelas de Rio de Janeiro étendent les limites de la compréhension: celle des statistiques et celle de la ville même, confinées comme elles sont à des zones réduites, avec peu ou aucun accès à l’infrastructure urbaine. Qui n’y habite pas ne sait pas trop bien ce que c’est qu’une favela de Rio. La plupart de la classe moyenne n’y a jamais mis les pieds et n’a pas la moindre idée de l’univers parallèle qui y existe. Elle n’y est pas reçue a bras ouverts… Je veux faire en sorte que tous puissent y rentrer et, comme moi, apprennent un peu plus sur les personnes qui vivent et leurs conditions de vie. Ces images reflètent ma responsabilité envers eux et envers mon propre travail. Ces images ne sont pas sur la pauvreté, la misère, la criminalité, les statistiques effarantes sur l’extension mondiale de ce phénomène, mais sur les êtres humains qui s’y trouvent, dans une situation extrêmement adverse et qui, malgré tout, ont décidé de ne pas abandonner la lutte pour une existence digne.
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Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227343 The community stablished at Providência hill is considered to be the first "favela" built in Rio de Janeiro, it's first inhabitants being soldiers of the Canudos (1893/7) campaign who camped, and settled, near the War Ministry awaiting for their paychecks. Providência, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil WIDE EDITORIAL USAGE. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227317 Magasin arborant le drapeau brésilien pour soutenir l'équipe nationale de football durant la Coupe du Monde 2002. Jacarezinho a éclos près d'une région industrielle de la ville de Rio de janeiro dans les années 60. C'est la deuxième plus grande favela de Rio. Toutes les entreprises ont été délocalisées dans les années 90, emportant les opportunités de travail avec elles.
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Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227319 This empty gravity defying wood shack had been recently bought by new arrivals to the 'favela". The community stablished at Providência hill is considered to be the first "favela" built in Rio de Janeiro, it's first inhabitants being soldiers of the Canudos (1893/7) campaign who camped, and settled, near the War Ministry awaiting for their paychecks. Providência, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil WIDE EDITORIAL USAGE. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227320 Wood structured and walled shacks are slowly being relplaced by brick and concrete constructions. The community stablished at Providência hill is considered to be the first "favela" built in Rio de Janeiro, it's first inhabitants being soldiers of the Canudos (1893/7) campaign who camped, and settled, near the War Ministry awaiting for their paychecks. Providência, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil WIDE EDITORIAL USAGE. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
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Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227321 Bar et table de billard dans la communauté de Jacarezinho. Cette favela a éclos près d'une région industrielle de la ville de Rio de janeiro dans les années 60. C'est la deuxième plus grande favela de Rio. Toutes les entreprises ont été délocalisées dans les années 90, emportant les opportunités de travail avec elles.
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Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227322 Brick house built on the edge of the community under rock cliffs which are prone to colapse during the rain season, Bairro da Glória, Petrópolis, Brazil WIDE EDITORIAL USAGE. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
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Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227331 Escaliers décorés avec des carreaux de céramique brisés. La communauté de Jacarezinho a éclos près d'une région industrielle de la ville de Rio de janeiro dans les années 60. C'est la deuxième plus grande favela de Rio. Toutes les entreprises ont été délocalisées dans les années 90, emportant les opportunités de travail avec elles.
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Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227333 Different types of "recuperated" wood pannels are used to fabricate wall of two story house. The community stablished at Providência hill is considered to be the first "favela" built in Rio de Janeiro, it's first inhabitants being soldiers of the Canudos (1893/7) campaign who camped, and settled, near the War Ministry awaiting for their paychecks. Providência, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil STRICT EDITORIAL USAGE CONFORM TO CAPTION AND CONTEXT. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
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Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227334 Mme Margarida et son chien dans l'unique pièce de la cabane en bois où ils vivent. Providencia est considérée comme la première favela de Rio, ces premiers habitants ayant été les soldats de la campagne de Canudos (1893/7), qui campaient près du Ministère de la Guerre en attendant de recevoir leur solde. UTILISATIONS EDITORIALES RESPECTANT LEGENDE ET CONTEXTE. SANS AUTORISATION. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. France and Italy |
Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227336 Gravity defying constructions on the Providência rock hill side. The community stablished at Providência hill is considered to be the first "favela" built in Rio de Janeiro, it's first inhabitants being soldiers of the Canudos (1893/7) campaign who camped, and settled, near the War Ministry awaiting for their paychecks. Providência, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil STRICT EDITORIAL USAGE CONFORM TO CAPTION AND CONTEXT. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
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Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227338 House with walls constructed with zinc corrugated roof tiles, Bairro da Glória, Petrópolis, Brazil WIDE EDITORIAL USAGE. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227340 Electrical and telephone wires create a tight web along the streets. Most are "gatos" (ilegal clandestine) connections. Cabel TV is often redistributed by drug gang controled enterprises. The community of Jacarezinho bloomed near an industrial region of the city of Rio de Janeiro during the 60's. It is considered the second largest "favela" of Rio. All the industries were relocated elsewhere during the 90's, taking the jobs with them. Jacarezinho, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil STRICT EDITORIAL USAGE CONFORM TO CAPTION AND CONTEXT. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
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Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227341 La principale voie d'accès au sommet de Providencia arbore les couleurs du Brésil lors de la coupe du monde de 2002. Providencia est considérée comme la première favela de Rio, ces premiers habitants ayant été les soldats de la campagne de Canudos (1893/7), qui campaient près du Ministère de la Guerre en attendant de recevoir leur solde.
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Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227342 Sharp edged house built at intersection of Rua das Flores (Flower Street). The community of Jacarezinho bloomed near an industrial region of the city of Rio de Janeiro during the 60's. It is considered the second largest "favela" of Rio. All the industries were relocated elsewhere during the 90's, taking the jobs with them. Jacarezinho, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil WIDE EDITORIAL USAGE. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
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Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227381 Nouvelles maisons en bois et tôle ondulée construites à la hâte par les nouveaux immigrants du nord-est qui arrivent quotidiennement à Rio das Pedras. Rio das Pedras est une favela récente où logent les ouvriers au service de la classe moyenne aisée de Barra da Tijuca. Elle est contrôlée par une milice faite de policiers et de pompiers qui expulsent les gangs de drogue. Des églises épicopales et une association de quartier veillent à maintenir l'ordre dans cette communauté grandissante.
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Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227387 Traditional wood house built on Providência hill side. The community established at Providência hill is considered to be the first "favela" built in Rio de Janeiro, it's first inhabitants being soldiers of the Canudos (1893/7) campaign who camped, and settled, near the War Ministry awaiting for their paychecks. Providência, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil WIDE EDITORIAL USAGE. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
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Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227388 Traditional wood house built on Providência steep rock hill side, ground floor walls and the roof are made of corrugated zinc and/or tin. The community established at Providência hill is considered to be the first "favela" built in Rio de Janeiro, it's first inhabitants being soldiers of the Canudos (1893/7) campaign who camped, and settled, near the War Ministry awaiting for their paychecks. Providência, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil WIDE EDITORIAL USAGE. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227397 Constant, uninterrupted land filling of the nearby lagoon is needed in order to acquire space for building new houses. Rio das Pedras is a recent favela that was formed to house workers for the upper middle class neighbourhood of Barra da Tijuca. It is controled by a "militia" formed by policemen and firefighters, who expelled the drug gangs from its grounds. Episcopal churches and a local "neighbours association" attempt to maintain order in this fast growing community. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil STRICT EDITORIAL USAGE CONFORM TO CAPTION AND CONTEXT. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
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Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227395 New houses quickly built with wood and corrugated zinc by newly arrived north eastern migrant workers spring up daily at Rio das Pedras community.Rio das Pedras is a recent favela that was formed to house workers for the upper middle class neighbourhood of Barra da Tijuca. It is controled by a "militia" formed by policemen and firefighters, who expelled the drug gangs from its grounds. Episcopal churches and a local "neighbours association" attempt to maintain order in this fast growing community. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil STRICT EDITORIAL USAGE CONFORM TO CAPTION AND CONTEXT. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227394 Young women chat in front of traditional wood house built on Providência hill side. The community established at Providência hill is considered to be the first "favela" built in Rio de Janeiro, it's first inhabitants being soldiers of the Canudos (1893/7) campaign who camped, and settled, near the War Ministry awaiting for their paychecks. Providência, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil STRICT EDITORIAL USAGE CONFORM TO CAPTION AND CONTEXT. WITHOUT MODEL/PROPERTY RELEASE. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
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Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227393 New houses quickly built with wood and corrugated zinc by newly arrived north eastern migrant workers spring up daily at Rio das Pedras community. Rio das Pedras is a recent favela that was formed to house workers for the upper middle class neighbourhood of Barra da Tijuca. It is controled by a "militia" formed by policemen and firefighters, who expelled the drug gangs from its grounds. Episcopal churches and a local "neighbours association" attempt to maintain order in this fast growing community. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil STRICT EDITORIAL USAGE CONFORM TO CAPTION AND CONTEXT. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227389 Nouvelles maisons en bois et tôle ondulée construites à la hâte par les nouveaux immigrants du nord-est qui arrivent quotidiennement à Rio das Pedras. Rio das Pedras est une favela récente où logent les ouvriers au service de la classe moyenne aisée de Barra da Tijuca. Elle est contrôlée par une milice faite de policiers et de pompiers qui expulsent les gangs de drogue. Des églises épicopales et une association de quartier veillent à maintenir l'ordre dans cette communauté grandissante.
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Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227405 Migrant workers are often the cheap labour employed to construct new buildings in which they cannot afford to live. Their solution is to invade public or private land, as near as possible to where they find work. At Rio das Pedras community in Barra da Tijuca, rich middle class neighbourhood in Rio de Janeiro it means claiming lagoon borders. Land filling, unsanitary drainage add to the colapse of these important ecological environments. Rio das Pedras, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil WIDE EDITORIAL USAGE. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227404 Cuisine d'une nouvelle maison rapidement construite avec des planches de bois et de la tôle ondulée par les travailleurs du nord-est qui affluent quotidiennement à Rio das Pedras. TOUTES UTILISATIONS EDITORIALES. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. France and Italy |
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Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227403 Les maisons servent souvent d'habitation et de commerce à la fois. Les maisons, rapidement construites avec du bois et de la tôle ondulée par les nouveaux migrants du nord-est, qui arrivent quotidiennement dans la communauté de Rio das Pedras. UTILISATIONS EDITORIALES RESPECTANT LEGENDE ET CONTEXTE. SANS AUTORISATION. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. France and Italy |
Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227406 houses are constatly being constructed, renovated and added upon. New arrivals and expanding families enlarge the community in a steady basis. Rio das Pedras, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil STRICT EDITORIAL USAGE CONFORM TO CAPTION AND CONTEXT. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
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Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227568 Traditional wood houses built on Providência hill side. The community established at Providência hill is considered to be the first "favela" built in Rio de Janeiro, it's first inhabitants being soldiers of the Canudos (1893/7) campaign who camped, and settled, near the War Ministry awaiting for their paychecks. Providência, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil WIDE EDITORIAL USAGE. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227408 Concrete houses are built on ground recently claimed of lagoons through land fills, often sink into the mud upon which they were constructed. Inhabitants often level the floor, build a second pavement and attempt to level their homes. Rio das Pedras, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil WIDE EDITORIAL USAGE. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
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Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227407 Houses in a expanding "favela" such as Rio das Pedras are improved constantly. New floors are added and, as in the middle ages cities, space is obtained enlarging the area of the top floors. Rio das Pedras, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil WIDE EDITORIAL USAGE. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227567 Scène de rue au coucher du soleil. Un vieil homme se tient devant un bar; les initiales CV pour "Comando Vermelho" (Comando Rouge) sont peintes sur le mur. Le CV est un gang revendant de la drogue qui contrôle la favela Providência et extorque les commerçants en échange de leur "protection". Providência, Rio de Janeiro, Brésil.
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Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227801 Rocinha's densely populated alleys also serve to pass improvised water and sewage plumbing. Each house, or small group of houses, is responsable for their water and seage connections creating a maze of PVC tubes which are most of the time above ground and subject to breakage. Even though most houses have clandestine eletrical connections, to have eletricity meters (paying only nominal fees) is important to establish one's address, which in turn allows for bank accounts and employment. Rocinha, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil WIDE EDITORIAL USAGE. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227805 Rocinha is know as Rio's (and the world's) largest "favela" and its name in Portuguese means "small planted field". Rocinha is one of the highest densely populated communities of the world but, because of its size, there are still bucolic, almost rural, locations. Rocinha, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil WIDE EDITORIAL USAGE. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
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Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227804 Use of different materials (aluminium and wood windows), improvised plumbing, ad-hock placement of utilities are common in a "favela". My friend Edson is reflected on the mirror above the dink. Rio das Pedroas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil WIDE EDITORIAL USAGE. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227803 Some "favela" houses have the best views of Rio de Janeiro, this home looks at "Pedra da Gávea" (Top Sail Rock) mountain. Rocinha is know as Rio's (and the world's) largest "favela" and its name in Portuguese means "small planted field". Rocinha is one of the highest densely populated communities of the world but, because of its size, there are still bucolic, almost rural, locations. Rocinha, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil WIDE EDITORIAL USAGE. Infos : +33(0)143 15 63 53. |
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Pedro Lobo / Picturetank LOP0227802 L'augmentation de la population à Rocinha a crée des besoins pour lesquelles des solutions complexes et inventives ont été trouvés, principalement pour l'espace et les accès. Ces escaliers et cordes pour sécher le linge en sont un bon exemple. Rocinha, Rio de Janeiro, Brésil.
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